=========================================================== UDYOGAPARVAM =========================================================== Two versions of "The Mahabharata" were used for this transalation I) available from internet at http://www.hscc.net/mahabharata/txt/05.txt in Itrans format. II) Gita press edition =========================================================== Dr. Sarasvati Mohan, Vikram Santurkar - January 2001 =========================================================== The transalation is organized as follows : Sloka - Sloka in original form. Padavibhaaga - Identification and separation of words from Sandhi. Anvaya - Sloka in prose order. Pratipadaartha - Meanings of each word in prose order Anuvaada - Transalation Certain compounds are explained in full detail. =========================================================== ================== Udyogaparvam - Section 6 ================== drupada uvacha Drupada speaks to the messenger (purohit) shlokaH 1 bhUtAnAM prANinaH shreShThAH prANinAM buddhijIvinaH . buddhimatsu narAH shreShThA narANA.n tu dvijAtayaH .. 1..\\ padavibhaagaH bhUtAnAM prANinaH shreShThAH prANinAM buddhijIvinaH . buddhimatsu narAH shreShThAH narANA.n tu dvijAtayaH .. anvayaH bhUtAnAM prANinaH shreShThAH prANinAM buddhijIvinaH ( shreShThAH ) . buddhimatsu narAH shreShThAH narANA.n tu dvijAtayaH ( shreShThAH ).. pratipadaarthaH bhUtAnAM=of all existing things; prANinaH=living beings; shreShThAH=best; prANinAM=of living beings; buddhijIvinaH=intelligent living beings; (shreShThAH=best) buddhimatsu=in intelligent beings; narAH=men; shreShThAH=best; narANA.n=of men; tu=indeed; dvijAtayaH=those who are twice-born (they are allowed by society to learn scriptures after completing the Upanayanam ceremony); (shreShThAH)=best anuvaadaH Drupada says to the Purohit - Living beings are better than all existing things in general. Intelligent creatures are better than living beings. Man is better than intelligent creatures. Among men the twice-born are considered the best. shlokaH 2 dvijeShu vaidyAH shreyA.nso vaidyeShu kR^itabuddhayaH . sa bhavAnkR^itabuddhInAM pradhAna iti me matiH .. 2..\\ padavibhaagaH dvijeShu vaidyAH shreyA.nsaH vaidyeShu kR^itabuddhayaH . saH bhavAn kR^itabuddhInAM pradhAnaH iti me matiH .. anvayaH dvijeShu vaidyAH shreyA.nsaH vaidyeShu kR^itabuddhayaH (shreyA.nsaH) saH bhavAn kR^itabuddhInAM pradhAnaH iti me matiH. pratipadaarthaH dvijeShu=amongst twice-born in general; vaidyAH=spiritual people; shreyA.nsaH=superior; vaidyeShu=amongst spiritual people; kR^itabuddhayaH=wise men(shreyA.nsaH)=superior saH=that; bhavAn=you; kR^itabuddhInAM=of wise men; pradhAnaH=pre-eminent, excellent; iti=thus; me=my; matiH=opinion; anuvaadaH Amongst twice born in general, spiritual people are superior. Amongst spiritual people, wise men are better. That you are the best of wise men is my opinion. shlokaH 3 kulena cha vishiShTo.asi vayasA cha shrutena cha . praGYayA sadR^ishashchAsi shukreNA~Ngirasena cha .. 3..\\ padavibhaagaH kulena cha vishiShTaH asi vayasA cha shrutena cha . praGYayA sadR^ishaH cha asi shukreNa a~Ngirasena cha .. anvayaH kulena cha vayasA cha shrutena cha vishiShTaH asi. praGYayA shukreNa a~Ngirasena cha sadR^ishaH asi. pratipadaarthaH kulena=by family, lineage; cha=and;vayasA=by age(advanced in years); cha=and; shrutena=by learning; cha=and; vishiShTaH=distinguished, excellent; asi=you are; praGYayA=by intelligence, wisdom; shukreNa=Sage Shukra; a~Ngirasena=Sage Angirasa; cha=and; sadR^ishaH=equal,similar; asi=is. anuvaadaH You are distinguished by your family lineage, advanced age and learning. You are equal by intelligence and wisdom to sage Shukra and sage Angirasa. shlokaH 4 vidita.n chApi te sarva.n yathAvR^ittaH sa kauravaH . pANDavashcha yathAvR^ittaH kuntIputro yudhiShThiraH .. 4..\\ padavibhaagaH vidita.n cha api te sarva.n yathA AvR^ittaH saH kauravaH . pANDavaH cha yathA AvR^ittaH kuntIputraH yudhiShThiraH .. anvayaH saH kauravaH yathA AvR^ittaH cha api pANDavaH kuntIputraH yudhiShThiraH yathA AvR^ittaH te sarva.n vidita.n. pratipadaarthaH saH=That; kauravaH=Duryodhana; yathA=just as; AvR^ittaH=repeated, described; cha=and; api=also; pANDavaH=Pandava; kuntIputraH=son of Kunti; yudhiShThiraH=Yudhisthira; yathA=just as; AvR^ittaH=repeated, described; te=to you; sarva.n=all; vidita.n=is known (to you) anuvaadaH That Duryodhana's viewpoints just as described and also Yudhistira's (son of Kunti) viewpoint, all that is known to you. shlokaH 5 dhR^itarAShTasya vidite va~nchitAH pANDavAH paraiH . vidureNAnunIto.api putramevAnuvartate .. 5..\\ padavibhaagaH dhR^itarAShTasya vidite va~nchitAH pANDavAH paraiH . vidureNa anunItaH api putram eva anuvartate . anvayaH dhR^itarAShTasya vidite pANDavAH paraiH va~nchitAH. vidureNa anunItaH api (saH) putram eva anuvartate. pratipadaarthaH dhR^itarAShTasya=of Dhritarashtra; vidite=in knowing (in his knowledge); pANDavAH=Pandavas; paraiH=by the opposing party (Kauravas); va~nchitAH=deceived; vidureNa=by Vidura; anunItaH=advised; api=eventhough; (saH)=he; putram=sons; eva=only; anuvartate=follows, approves; anuvaadaH In full knowledge of Dhritharashtra, the Pandavas were deceived by Kauravas. Eventhough being advised by Vidura, he follows his sons only. shlokaH 6 shakunirbuddhipUrva.n hi kuntIputraM samAhvayat . anakShaGYaM matAkShaH sankShatravR^itte sthita.n shuchim .. 6..\\ padavibhaagaH shakuniH buddhipUrva.n hi kuntIputraM samAhvayat . anakShaGYaM matAkShaH san kShatravR^itte sthita.n shuchim . anvayaH shakuniH matAkShaH san buddhipUrva.n hi kShatravR^itte sthita.n shuchim anakShaGYaM kuntIputraM samAhvayat. pratipadaarthaH shakuniH=Shakuni; matAkShaH=Expert gambler; san=being; buddhipUrva.n=with prior knowledge; knowingly; hi=indeed; kShatravR^itte=in the Kshatrya tradition; sthita.n=established; shuchim=pure; anakShaGYaM=novice in gambling; kuntIputraM=son of Kunti; samAhvayat=invited; anuvaadaH Sakuni being an expert gambler, indeed knowingly, invited the pure and noble kshatriya, Yudhisthira (son of Kunti) who was a novice in gambling. shlokaH 7 te tathA va~nchayitvA tu dharmaputra.n yudhiShThiram . na kasyA.nchidavasthAyA.n rAjyaM dAsyanti vai svayam .. 7..\\ padavibhaagaH te tathA va~nchayitvA tu dharmaputra.n yudhiShThiram . na kasyA.nchit avasthAyA.n rAjyaM dAsyanti vai svayam.. anvayaH te tathA dharmaputra.n yudhiShThiram va~nchayitvA tu na kasyA.nchit avasthAyA.n vai svayam rAjyaM dAsyanti. pratipadaarthaH te=They; tathA=thus; dharmaputra.n=one who follows the Dharma; yudhiShThiram=Yudhisthira; va~nchayitvA=after deceiving; tu=indeed; na=not; kasyA.nchit=in any; avasthAyA.n=situation, position; vai=certainly; svayam=by themselves; rAjyaM=kingdom; dAsyanti=will give; anuvaadaH They having thus deceived the noble Yudhisthira, will not certainly give up the kingdom by themselves in any situation. shlokaH 8 bhavA.nstu dharmasa.nyukta.n dhR^itarAShTraM bruvanvachaH . manA.nsi tasya yodhAnA.n dhruvamAvartayiShyati .. 8..\\ padavibhaagaH bhavAn tu dharmasa.nyukta.n dhR^itarAShTraM bruvan vachaH. manA.nsi tasya yodhAnA.n dhruvam AvartayiShyati . anvayaH bhavAn tu dharmasa.nyukta.n vachaH dhR^itarAShTraM bruvan dhruvam tasya yodhAnA.n manA.nsi AvartayiShyati . pratipadaarthaH bhavAn=You; tu=indeed; dharmasa.nyukta.n=with Dharma; vachaH =words; dhR^itarAShTraM=To Dhritharashtra; bruvan=by saying; dhruvam=certainly; tasya=of his; yodhAnA.n=warriors; manA.nsi=minds; AvartayiShyati=will change, turn around; anuvaadaH You (the purohit) by saying the righteous words to Dhritharashtra, certainly will change the minds of his warriors shlokaH 9 vidurashchApi tadvAkya.n sAdhayiShyati tAvakam . bhIShmadroNakR^ipANA.n cha bheda.n sa~njanayiShyati .. 9..\\ padavibhaagaH viduraH cha api tat vAkya.n sAdhayiShyati tAvakam . bhIShmadroNakR^ipANA.n cha bheda.n sa~njanayiShyati . anvayaH viduraH cha api tat tAvakam vAkya.n sAdhayiShyati. bhIShmadroNakR^ipANA.n cha bheda.n sa~njanayiShyati . pratipadaarthaH viduraH=Vidura; cha=and; api=also; tat=that; tAvakam=your; vAkya.n=words; sAdhayiShyati=will achieve, support; bhIShmadroNakR^ipANA.n=of Bhisma, Drona and Kripa; cha=and; bheda.n=splitting; sa~njanayiShyati=will produce, create anuvaadaH Vidura will also support your words. And he will create differences among Bhisma, Drona and Kripa. shlokaH 10 amAtyeShu cha bhinneShu yodheShu vimukheShu cha . punarekAgrakaraNa.n teShAM karma bhaviShyati .. 10..\\ padavibhaagaH amAtyeShu cha bhinneShu yodheShu vimukheShu cha . punaH ekAgrakaraNa.n teShAM karma bhaviShyati . anvayaH amAtyeShu cha bhinneShu yodheShu vimukheShu cha. teShAM karma punaH ekAgrakaraNa.n bhaviShyati . pratipadaarthaH amAtyeShu=In ministers; cha=and; bhinneShu=in those who are disunited,divided; amAtyeShu bhinneShu(locative absolute) = when the ministers are divided; yodheShu=in warriors; vimukheShu=in those who are averse,opposed; yodheShu vimukheShu(locative absolute) = when the warriors are averse cha=and; teShAM=their; karma=work; punaH =again; ekAgrakaraNa.n=uniting,bringing together; bhaviShyati=will be; anuvaadaH (Following from previous) When the ministers are divided and when the warriors are averse their(Kauravas) work will be to again bring them together. shlokaH 11 etasminnantare pArthAH sukhamekAgrabuddhayaH . senAkarma kariShyanti dravyANA.n chaiva sa~ncayam .. 11..\\ padavibhaagaH etasmin antare pArthAH sukham ekAgrabuddhayaH . senAkarma kariShyanti dravyANA.n cha eva sa~ncayam . anvayaH etasmin antare pArthAH sukham ekAgrabuddhayaH . senAkarma kariShyanti dravyANA.n cha eva sa~ncayam . pratipadaarthaH etasmin antare=after this; pArthAH=sons of Kunti, Pandavas; sukham=easily; ekAgrabuddhayaH=being like-minded; senAkarma=military preparation; kariShyanti=will do; dravyANA.n=materials; cha=and; eva=also; sa~ncayam=accumulate,collect; anuvaadaH After this the Pandavas being like-minded will easily do military preparations and also collect weapons. shlokaH 12 vidyamAneShu cha sveShu lambamAne cha vai tvayi . na tathA te kariShyanti senA karma na saMshayaH .. 12..\\ padavibhaagaH vidyamAneShu cha sveShu lambamAne cha vai tvayi . na tathA te kariShyanti senAkarma na saMshayaH. anvayaH sveShu vidyamAneShu cha tvayi lambamAne cha vai te tathA senAkarma na kariShyanti (iha) na saMshayaH. pratipadaarthaH sveShu=among themselves; vidyamAneShu=in their being; sveShu vidyamAneShu(locative absolute) = when they are staying; cha=and; tvayi=in your(Purohit); lambamAne=in delaying; tvayi lambamAne(locative absolute) = when you are delaying; cha=and; vai=certainly; te=they(Kauravas); tathA=in that way; senAkarma=military work; na=not; kariShyanti=will do; (iha)=here na=no; saMshayaH=doubt; anuvaadaH When they are staying occupied and when you are delaying the Kauravas, certainly they will not do war preparations like us. There is no doubt in that. shlokaH 13 etatprayojana.n chAtra prAdhAnyenopalabhyate . sa~NgatyA dhR^itarAShTrashcha kuryAddharmya.n vachastava .. 13..\\ padavibhaagaH etat prayojana.n cha atra prAdhAnyena upalabhyate . sa~NgatyA dhR^itarAShTraH cha kuryAt dharmya.n vachaH tava . anvayaH etat prayojana.n cha atra prAdhAnyena upalabhyate. dhR^itarAShTraH sa~NgatyA cha tava dharmya.n vachaH kuryAt. pratipadaarthaH etat=This; prayojana.n=use,benefit; cha=and; atra=here; prAdhAnyena=mainly; upalabhyate=is obtained; dhR^itarAShTraH=Dhritarashtra; sa~NgatyA=by thinking along the same lines; cha=and; tava=your; dharmya.n=consistent with Dharma; vachaH=words; kuryAt=should do; anuvaadaH This benefit is mainly obtained here. Dhritharashtra, by thinking further, should also do (accept) your words which are consistent with dharma. shlokaH 14 sa bhavAndharmayuktashcha dharmya.n teShu samAcharan . kR^ipAluShu parikleshAnpANDavAnAM prakIrtayan .. 14..\\ padavibhaagaH saH bhavAn dharmayuktaH cha dharmya.n teShu samAcharan . kR^ipAluShu parikleshAn pANDavAnAM prakIrtayan . anvayaH saH bhavAn dharmayuktaH cha pANDavAnAM parikleshAn prakIrtayan teShu kR^ipAluShu dharmya.n samAcharan. pratipadaarthaH saH=That; bhavAn=you; dharmayuktaH=endowed with Dharma; cha=and; pANDavAnAM=of the Pandavas; parikleshAn=hardships; prakIrtayan=narrating; teShu=in them; kR^ipAluShu=in those who are compassionate; dharmya.n=consistent with Dharma; samAcharan=behaving. anuvaadaH That you being endowed with Dharma, by narrating the hardships of the Pandavas, could make those who are compassionate among Kauravas behave according to Dharma; shlokaH 15 vR^iddheShu kuladharma.n cha bruvanpUrvairanuShThitam . vibhetsyati manA.nsyeShAmiti me nAtra saMshayaH .. 15..\\ padavibhaagaH vR^iddheShu kuladharma.n cha bruvan pUrvaiH anuShThitam . vibhetsyati manA.nsi eShAm iti me na atra saMshayaH . anvayaH pUrvaiH anuShThitam kuladharma.n cha bruvan vR^iddheShu eShAm manA.nsi vibhetsyati iti atra me na saMshayaH. pratipadaarthaH pUrvaiH=By elders,ancestors; anuShThitam=obeyed,practiced; kuladharma.n=Dharma of the clan; cha=and; bruvan=saying; vR^iddheShu=in those elders among Kauravas; eShAm=desire,wish; manA.nsi=minds; vibhetsyati=desire to break away, estrange; iti=thus; atra=here; me=for me; na=no; saMshayaH=doubt; anuvaadaH By speaking about the dharma of the clan as practiced by the ancestors, you could estrange those elder's minds. shlokaH 16 na cha tebhyo bhaya.n te.asti brAhmaNo hyasi vedavit . dUtakarmaNi yuktashcha sthavirashcha visheShataH .. 16..\\ padavibhaagaH na cha tebhyaH bhaya.n te asti brAhmaNaH hi asi vedavit . dUtakarmaNi yuktaH cha sthaviraH cha visheShataH . anvayaH te tebhyaH cha bhaya.n na asti (tvam) vedavit brAhmaNaH hi asi. cha dUtakarmaNi yuktaH cha visheShataH sthaviraH cha. pratipadaarthaH te=For you; tebhyaH=from them; cha=and; bhaya.n=fear; na=not; asti=is; (tvam)=you; vedavit=learned in Vedas; brAhmaNaH=brahmin; hi=indeed; asi=are; cha=and; dUtakarmaNi=in the work of a messenger; yuktaH=appointed; cha=and; visheShataH=especially; sthaviraH=old/aged; cha=and; anuvaadaH For you, there is no fear from them as you are indeed a learned brahmin. And also you are appointed as a messenger and are especially elderly. shlokaH 17 sa bhavAnpuShyayogena muhUrtena jayena cha . kauraveyAnprayAtvAshu kaunteyasyArthasiddhaye .. 17..\\ padavibhaagaH saH bhavAn puShyayogena muhUrtena jayena cha . kauraveyAn prayAtu Ashu kaunteyasya arthasiddhaye . anvayaH saH bhavAn puShyayogena jayena muhUrtena cha . kaunteyasya arthasiddhaye kauraveyAn Ashu prayAtu . pratipadaarthaH saH=That; bhavAn=you; puShyayogena=associated with Pushya nakshatra; jayena=with victorious; muhUrtena=time; cha=and; kaunteyasya=Of Yudhisthira; arthasiddhaye=for achieving the goals; kauraveyAn=to the Kauravas; prayAtu=may you travel; Ashu=quickly; anuvaadaH That you should quickly travel to the Kauravas, at the victorious time associated with the Pushya nakshatra for achieving the goals of Yudhisthira shlokaH 18 tathAnushiShTaH prayayau drupadena mahAtmanA . purodhA vR^ittasampanno nagaraM nAgasAhvayam .. 18..\\ padavibhaagaH tathA anushiShTaH prayayau drupadena mahAtmanA . purodhAH vR^ittasampannaH nagaraM nAgasAhvayam . anvayaH tathA mahAtmanA drupadena anushiShTaH vR^ittasampannaH purodhAH nagaraM nAgasAhvayam prayayau. pratipadaarthaH tathA=Thus; mahAtmanA=by great king; drupadena=by Drupada; anushiShTaH=ordered, commanded; vR^ittasampannaH=with news, message; purodhAH=Purohit, brahmin; nagaraM=city; nAgasAhvayam=(by name) Hastinapur; prayayau=went; anuvaadaH Thus the brahmin(purohit) ordered by the great king Drupada, with the message went to Hastinapur city. ================== End - Section 6 ==================